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Registry

Can a Child Care License Transfer to a New Owner? State-by-State Rules for Selling a Daycare (2026)

A registry of the 50 states and DC, coded from licensing statutes, rules and agency forms read on 2026-11-02, joined to Census counts of child day care employers.
Primary data
SMBB registry of child care center license rules on a change of ownership (51 jurisdictions) joined to Census County Business Patterns 2023, NAICS 624410
Data period
Law and rules as read 2026-11-02; establishment counts 2023
Latest release used
2026-11-02
Next release
Registry recheck February 2027; CBP 2024 not yet posted on www2.census.gov as of 2026-11-02
Geography
50 states and the District of Columbia
Sources
59 (59 Tier 1)
Short answer

A child care license transfer to a buyer is the exception. Of 51 jurisdictions, 42 have text saying a center license does not pass to a new owner, 2 allow a transfer with agency approval and 7 were not found. Only 9 state a notice period in days: 30 to 90, median 30.

42 of 51jurisdictions where the center license does not pass to a buyer[46][26]
82.9%of U.S. child day care establishments are in those jurisdictions (CBP 2023)[1]
30 daysmedian advance notice where a day count is stated (9 jurisdictions; range 30 to 90)[26][7]
2jurisdictions that allow a transfer, both only with agency approval (WA, AK)[49][4]

Child care center license transfer registry: 50 states and DC

Checked every six months, and after state rulemaking. Last checked 2026-11-02. Entries are neutral records of public data; each links to its source record.

JurisdictionCoded rule on a sale (transferable; buyer needs own license first; notice days; stock sale)DateEvidenceSource
AlabamaTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: report only. Confidence: clear text. Ala. Admin. Code r. 660-5-26-.02(1)(d), (5)(d); r. 660-5-26-.08(2)(a)12026-11-02agency recordRecord
AlaskaTransferable: yes with approval. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: 30. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: interpretation needed. AS 47.32.080(b); 7 AAC 57.240(a)(2)(A)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
ArizonaTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. A.R.S. 36-882(N), (M); 36-893(C)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
ArkansasTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. Ark. DHS Minimum Licensing Requirements for Child Care Centers (PUB-002, rev. 12/01/2020), 103.5, 103.112026-11-02agency recordRecord
CaliforniaTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: 30. Stock or entity sale: yes. Confidence: clear text. Cal. Code Regs. tit. 22, 101167; Health and Safety Code 1597.14, 1596.858 (as reproduced in the CDSS manual)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
ColoradoTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. 8 CCR 1402-1, 2.106(A)(1); 2.105(A)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
ConnecticutTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. Conn. Gen. Stat. 19a-80(b)(1)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
DelawareTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: 90. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. 14 DE Admin. Code 933, 6.1, 6.3, 14.1, 14.1.1, 14.1.22026-11-02agency recordRecord
District of ColumbiaTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: yes. Confidence: clear text. D.C. Code 7-2034(d)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
FloridaTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. Fla. Stat. 402.308(2)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
GeorgiaTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. Ga. Comp. R. & Regs. 591-1-1-.16(d), (f), (i)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
HawaiiTransferable: not found. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: not found. HAR 17-892.2 (no transfer or ownership clause found)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
IdahoTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. IDAPA 16.06.03.150.03, .042026-11-02agency recordRecord
IllinoisTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. 89 Ill. Adm. Code 407.50(e)(3); 407.60(b), (h); 407.70(c)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
IndianaTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: interpretation needed. 470 IAC 3-4.7-3(a); 3-4.7-4(6); 3-4.7-5(b)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
IowaTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. Iowa Admin. Code r. 441-109.2(2)(c)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
KansasTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. K.A.R. 28-4-421(b)(1); 28-4-422(a), (h)(3)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
KentuckyTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: interpretation needed. 922 KAR 2:090 Section 4(5), (6); Section 13(4)(a)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
LouisianaTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: yes. Confidence: clear text. LAC 28:CLXI.903 (Bulletin 137)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
MaineTransferable: not found. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: interpretation needed. 10-148 C.M.R. ch. 32, Section 2 (licensing) and Section 6(F) (other notifications)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
MarylandTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: interpretation needed. MSDE Office of Child Care, Change of Licensee/Letter Holder of Child Care Centers, Resource Guide 20152026-11-02agency recordRecord
MassachusettsTransferable: not found. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: 30. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: interpretation needed. 606 CMR 7.04 (Notification of Change of Ownership)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
MichiganTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. MCL 722.118c2026-11-02agency recordRecord
MinnesotaTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: 90. Stock or entity sale: yes. Confidence: clear text. Minn. Stat. 142B.11, subds. 1 to 32026-11-02agency recordRecord
MississippiTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: yes. Confidence: clear text. Miss. Admin. Code 15-11-55, Rule 1.2.82026-11-02agency recordRecord
MissouriTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. 5 CSR 25-500.042(14), (17)(C); RSMo 210.221.2(5)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
MontanaTransferable: not found. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: not found. MCA 52-2-721, 52-2-722 (no transfer clause); ARM 37.95.108 (no transfer clause)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
NebraskaTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: interpretation needed. DHHS instructions, Change of Ownership of an Existing Child Care Program; Neb. Rev. Stat. 71-1911(6)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
NevadaTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. NAC 432A.210(3); NAC 432A.240(1)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
New HampshireTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. RSA 170-E:8, I2026-11-02agency recordRecord
New JerseyTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. N.J.A.C. 3A:52-2.3(a)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
New MexicoTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. 8.16.2.11(D), (E) NMAC2026-11-02agency recordRecord
New YorkTransferable: not found. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: not found. Social Services Law 390 (no transfer clause); 18 NYCRR 418-1 not retrieved2026-11-02agency recordRecord
North CarolinaTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: 30. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. 10A NCAC 09 .0204(a)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
North DakotaTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: report only. Confidence: clear text. N.D. Admin. Code 75-03-10-07(2), (3); 75-03-10-09(3)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
OhioTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: interpretation needed. Ohio Adm. Code 5180:2-12-02(E)(3); 5180:2-12-05(K)(5)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
OklahomaTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: 30. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: interpretation needed. OKDHS Form 07LC091E, Change of Ownership (rev. 2026-04-01)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
OregonTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: 45. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. OAR 414-305-0130(1)(c), (5)(a); 414-305-0140(5)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
PennsylvaniaTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: 30. Stock or entity sale: no. Confidence: clear text. 55 Pa. Code 20.57; 20.58(a), (b); 3270.11(a)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
Rhode IslandTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. 218-RICR-70-00-1, 1.7, 1.13(A)(1)(c)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
South CarolinaTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. S.C. Code Regs. 114-502(B)(1), (E)(1)(a)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
South DakotaTransferable: not found. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: not found. S.D. Admin. R. 67:42:17:06; SDCL ch. 26-6 (no transfer provision found)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
TennesseeTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 1240-04-01-.04(1)(d); 1240-04-01-.03(2)(a)72026-11-02agency recordRecord
TexasTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. Tex. Hum. Res. Code 42.048(e); 42.051(a)(3)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
UtahTransferable: not found. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: not found.2026-11-02not foundRecord
VermontTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. Vt. Licensing Regulations for Center Based Child Care and Preschool Programs 2.3.2.4, 2.3.5.12026-11-02agency recordRecord
VirginiaTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: report only. Confidence: clear text. 8VAC20-821-30(A); 8VAC20-821-250(B)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
WashingtonTransferable: yes with approval. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: report only. Confidence: clear text. RCW 43.216.305(1); WAC 110-300-0011; WAC 110-300-0400(1)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
West VirginiaTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. W. Va. Code R. 78-1-4.1.c, 4.1.e (as reproduced in the agency's 78CSR1 compliance checklist, 2023 to 2028)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
WisconsinTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: not stated. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: report only. Confidence: interpretation needed. DCF guide, Buying or Selling a Regulated Child Care Facility (updated July 2024); Wis. Admin. Code DCF 251.04, 251.11 (no transfer clause found)2026-11-02agency recordRecord
WyomingTransferable: no. Buyer must apply or be licensed first: yes. Notice days: not stated. Stock or entity sale: not stated. Confidence: clear text. Wyo. DFS Child Care Licensing Rules ch. 2, secs. 2(b), 6(c), 6(f)2026-11-02agency recordRecord

In 42 jurisdictions the child care license transfer stops at the seller

The default rule is plain: a center license belongs to the licensee and the location, so a buyer applies for its own. 42 of the 51 jurisdictions say so in a statute, rule or agency form, which is 95.5 percent of the 44 jurisdictions where an answer was found.

Child care license transfer: Moving an existing child care center license from the selling licensee to a buyer without a new license application. In this registry 'no' means the text says the license is not transferable, ends on the sale, or must be replaced by a new license.

Wording varies but the effect is the same. Texas Human Resources Code 42.048(e) says a license is not transferable and that a change in ownership automatically revokes it (Texas statute). Missouri's rule 5 CSR 25-500.042 makes the license null and void when the facility changes ownership. New Mexico's 8.16.2.11 NMAC says the license expires on the day the facility is sold. Minnesota Stat. 142B.11 calls a license not transferable or assignable.

What happens to the license on a sale, weighted by child day care employers Download CSV
Transferable on saleJurisdictionsChild day care establishments (CBP 2023)Share of U.S. establishments (%)
no426813882.9
yes with approval225593.1
not found71146514.0
Total5182162100.0

Establishments are Census CBP 2023 employer counts for NAICS 624410 in each group of jurisdictions.

Source: [1] U.S. Census Bureau

Most daycare employers operate where the license stays with the seller

Child day care establishments (NAICS 624410, CBP 2023) by the coded transfer rule of their state

Most daycare employers operate where the license stays with the sellerHorizontal bar chart: 68,138 child day care establishments are in jurisdictions where the license does not transfer, 2,559 where a transfer with approval is possible, and 11,465 where no rule was found.establishmentsLicense does not transfer68,138Transfer with agency approval2,559Rule not found11,465

Source: SMBB registry of state child care rules (checked 2026-11-02); U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns 2023.

Weighted by employers, the pattern is stronger. 68,138 of the 82,162 child day care establishments counted by the Census Bureau's County Business Patterns for 2023, or 82.9 percent, are in jurisdictions where the coded text says the license does not transfer (CBP 2023).

Washington and Alaska are the only places where the license can move to the buyer

Only 2 jurisdictions allow a license to pass to a new owner, and both require the agency to agree first.

Washington is the clearest case. RCW 43.216.305 says a full license may be transferred to a new licensee in the event of a transfer of ownership, and WAC 110-300-0011 sets the test: the department must find the buyer's operation substantially similar to or an improvement on the original. On request it discloses four years of complaints, findings and enforcement actions to either party, and a denied transfer can be appealed (WAC 110-300). A change of ownership or incorporation must also be reported within 24 hours.

Alaska's statute, AS 47.32.080(b), says a license is not transferable unless the department authorizes it, and 7 AAC 57.240 requires 30 days of notice before a planned change in the person operating the facility (Alaska statute). The rule does not say whether the buyer may operate before approval, so the row is marked interpretation needed.

Single-story child care center building with a fenced playground
Illustrative photograph. Generated image, not a specific project.

Nine jurisdictions put a number on the warning, and 30 days is the norm

Only 9 jurisdictions state an advance-notice period in days. The median is 30 days and the range runs from 30 to 90.

The 9 jurisdictions that put a day count on advance notice Download CSV
JurisdictionNotice (days)What the text requiresCitation
Delaware90notify OCCL in writing at least 90 days before a change of ownership; prospective licensee completes initial licensing steps before the sale14 DE Admin. Code 933, 6.1, 6.3, 14.1, 14.1.1, 14.1.2
Minnesota90written notice and new license application at least 90 days before the anticipated change in ownershipMinn. Stat. 142B.11, subds. 1 to 3
Oregon45application for a change of owner due at least 45 days before the changeOAR 414-305-0130(1)(c), (5)(a); 414-305-0140(5)
Alaska30not later than 30 days before a planned change in the person operating the facilityAS 47.32.080(b); 7 AAC 57.240(a)(2)(A)
California30written notice to the department and parents at least 30 days before transfer, or when a bona fide offer is made, whichever is longer; buyer applies within 5 days of accepted offerCal. Code Regs. tit. 22, 101167; Health and Safety Code 1597.14, 1596.858 (as reproduced in the CDSS manual)
Massachusetts30prior written notification to the Department no less than 30 days before any change in ownership606 CMR 7.04 (Notification of Change of Ownership)
North Carolina30prospective new owner applies for a new license at least 30 days before acquiring ownership10A NCAC 09 .0204(a)
Oklahoma30notify Licensing at least 30 calendar days before a change in business entity or ownershipOKDHS Form 07LC091E, Change of Ownership (rev. 2026-04-01)
Pennsylvania30notify the Department and submit a new application at least 30 days before a change of legal entity55 Pa. Code 20.57; 20.58(a), (b); 3270.11(a)

Minimum periods as stated; other jurisdictions require notice before the sale or within 24 hours after it without a day count.

Source: [4][7][10][24][26][36][39][59][41] Alaska Department of Health, Child Care Program Office; California Department of Social Services, Community Care Licensing Division; Delaware Department of Education, Office of Child Care Licensing; Massachusetts Department of Early Education and Care; Minnesota Department of Children, Youth, and Families; North Carolina Division of Child Development and Early Education; Oklahoma Human Services, Child Care Services; Oregon State Legislature; Pennsylvania Department of Human Services, Office of Child Development and Early Learning

Advance notice before a daycare sale, where the text gives a number

Minimum days of notice to the licensing agency before a change of ownership

Advance notice before a daycare sale, where the text gives a numberBar chart: Delaware and Minnesota require 90 days of notice, Oregon 45 days, and Alaska, California, Massachusetts, North Carolina, Oklahoma and Pennsylvania 30 days.020.040.060.080.0100days90.0Delaware90.0Minnesota45.0Oregon30.0Alaska30.0California30.0Massachus…30.0NorthCarolina30.0Oklahoma30.0Pennsylva…

Source: SMBB coding of state statutes, rules and agency forms, checked 2026-11-02.

Delaware and Minnesota sit at the top at 90 days. Delaware's 14 DE Admin. Code 933 requires written notice to the Office of Child Care Licensing at least 90 days before a change of ownership, and the buyer's license takes effect on the date the center is sold. Oregon requires the buyer's application at least 45 days before a change of owner (OAR 414-305-0130). In Minnesota both the seller's written notice and the buyer's license application are due at least 90 days before the change in ownership, and the seller remains responsible for the program until the new license issues (Minn. Stat. 142B.11). California pairs its 30-day notice with a 5-day deadline for the buyer to apply after the seller accepts an offer, and the department decides within 60 days of a complete application (22 CCR 101167, quoting Health and Safety Code 1597.14).

Elsewhere the text asks for notice without a number. Alabama requires a written report before a change in ownership occurs; Kentucky wants written notice signed by each owner so the change can be approved before it happens; Maryland's agency guide asks sellers to notify the regional office before the sale. South Dakota and Maine only require a report within 24 hours after a change in ownership.

A stock sale can still count as a change of ownership in five jurisdictions, but not in Pennsylvania

Selling the shares of the licensed company instead of the center's assets does not avoid relicensing everywhere. 5 jurisdictions say an ownership-interest sale triggers it, 1 says it does not, and 5 treat entity or governance changes as report-only items.

How the text treats a stock sale or an entity change Download CSV
JurisdictionStock or entity saleWhat the text saysCitation
Alabamareport onlyChange of the corporation's chief executive officer must be reported; stock sale not addressedAla. Admin. Code r. 660-5-26-.02(1)(d), (5)(d); r. 660-5-26-.08(2)(a)1
CaliforniayesLicense is forfeited on a sale or transfer, except a stock transfer in a corporate licensee that is not a majority change in ownership (H&S Code 1596.858 as quoted by CDSS)Cal. Code Regs. tit. 22, 101167; Health and Safety Code 1597.14, 1596.858 (as reproduced in the CDSS manual)
District of ColumbiayesA change in the legal or beneficial ownership of a percentage of stock of a corporate licensee, set by rule, requires relicensureD.C. Code 7-2034(d)
LouisianayesAny transfer of partial or full ownership of the center from an individual or juridical entity to another, or a change in federal or state tax ID or profit status, may constitute a change of ownershipLAC 28:CLXI.903 (Bulletin 137)
MinnesotayesSale or transfer of 100 percent of the property, stock or assets, a merger, a new federal tax ID, or a change of all controlling individuals is a change in ownership, unless one controlling individual has been in place 12 monthsMinn. Stat. 142B.11, subds. 1 to 3
MississippiyesChange of ownership includes cash or stock transactions whenever any person or entity acquires or controls a majority interest, and conversions between partnership, sole proprietorship and corporationMiss. Admin. Code 15-11-55, Rule 1.2.8
North Dakotareport onlyOperator must notify the department of major changes in the operation, ownership, or governing bodyN.D. Admin. Code 75-03-10-07(2), (3); 75-03-10-09(3)
PennsylvanianoA transfer of stock of a corporation does not constitute a change of ownership of the legal entity (55 Pa. Code 20.57(b)(1))55 Pa. Code 20.57; 20.58(a), (b); 3270.11(a)
Virginiareport onlyChange of business formation must be reported immediately8VAC20-821-30(A); 8VAC20-821-250(B)
Washingtonreport onlyA change of ownership or incorporation of the provider's business entity must be reported within 24 hours (WAC 110-300-0425(7)(b)(iii))RCW 43.216.305(1); WAC 110-300-0011; WAC 110-300-0400(1)
Wisconsinreport onlyBackground check form due by next business day when a corporation or LLC designates a new person subject to background checks (DCF 251.04(2)(n)2); agency guide says the licensing specialist decides whether a change in ownership type needs a new applicationDCF guide, Buying or Selling a Regulated Child Care Facility (updated July 2024); Wis. Admin. Code DCF 251.04, 251.11 (no transfer clause found)

'yes' means the text makes a stock or ownership-interest sale a change of ownership; 'no' means it says the opposite; 'report only' means a notice duty without relicensure.

Source: [26][7][11][41][3][49][37][48][51] Minnesota Department of Children, Youth, and Families; California Department of Social Services, Community Care Licensing Division; Office of the State Superintendent of Education, Division of Early Learning; Pennsylvania Department of Human Services, Office of Child Development and Early Learning; Alabama Department of Human Resources; Washington Department of Children, Youth, and Families; North Dakota Department of Health and Human Services; Virginia Department of Education, Office of Child Care Health and Safety; Wisconsin Department of Children and Families

Minnesota counts the sale of 100 percent of the stock as a change in ownership, along with mergers, a new federal tax ID or a change of every controlling individual, unless one controlling individual has been in place for 12 months. California's Health and Safety Code 1596.858, as quoted in the CDSS manual, forfeits the license on a sale except a stock transfer that is not a majority change. D.C. Code 7-2034(d) requires relicensure when a set percentage of a corporate licensee's stock changes hands (D.C. Code). Mississippi Rule 1.2.8 counts stock transactions that give any person or entity a majority interest, and Louisiana's LAC 28:CLXI.903 says any transfer of partial or full ownership may constitute a change of ownership.

Pennsylvania goes the other way. 55 Pa. Code 20.57(b)(1) says a transfer of stock of a corporation does not constitute a change of ownership of the legal entity, so the certificate of compliance survives a share sale but is void on a change of the legal entity itself (55 Pa. Code 20.57). Most other texts are silent on share sales, which is why deal structure is worth raising with the agency early. The SMBB overview of how a business sale moves through its stages shows where that conversation usually fits.

Where the buyer must line up its own license before taking over

In 28 jurisdictions the text requires the buyer to apply or be approved before taking over, bars it from operating until it holds a license, or ends the seller's license on the sale. Those jurisdictions hold 51,773 child day care establishments, 63.0 percent of the U.S. total in CBP 2023.

The 28 are Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Texas, Vermont, Washington, West Virginia and Wyoming.

  • Georgia: in no case shall a new owner operate without first securing a new license or permit; a permit issued on a change of ownership is valid for 21 calendar days (Ga. Comp. R. & Regs. 591-1-1-.16).
  • Florida: the facility must reapply and receive a license before the new owner assumes responsibility, and the department must decide within 45 days (Fla. Stat. 402.308(2)).
  • Idaho: a license must be obtained before starting operations after a change in ownership (IDAPA 16.06.03.150.03, .04).
  • Nebraska (agency instructions): if a sale closes before the new license is issued, the facility must cease operation on the date of the sale.
  • Oklahoma (agency form): the seller's licensing case closes on the bill of sale date and the buyer's license may take effect the next day.
  • Maryland (agency guide, 2015): the seller may keep operating until the buyer can assume operation, and the seller's record closes the day before the buyer's license issues.

Several states soften the gap. California lets a compliant buyer operate while the department decides; Minnesota keeps the seller responsible until the buyer's license issues; Missouri statute RSMo 210.221.2(5) schedules an unannounced inspection within 60 days after a change in ownership. Licensing is one of several ownership-change approvals a seller may face; the nursing home change of ownership report covers a stricter federal and state process for another licensed business.

Reception counter of a child care center with a clipboard and pen
Illustrative photograph. Generated image, not a specific project.

Eight in ten daycare employers sit in states where the license stays with the seller

The 42 no-transfer jurisdictions hold 68,138 of 82,162 U.S. child day care establishments (82.9 percent) and 879,919 paid employees (84.2 percent).

The 12 jurisdictions with the most child day care employers and their transfer rule Download CSV
JurisdictionEstablishments (CBP 2023)Paid employees (CBP 2023)Transferable on saleBuyer must apply or be licensed first
California967089288noyes
New York670284613not foundnot stated
Texas624291240noyes
Florida465164646noyes
Pennsylvania382346742noyes
Illinois313842273noyes
Ohio281337950nonot stated
North Carolina261235736noyes
New Jersey246641650nonot stated
Georgia244940515noyes
Washington238622898yes with approvalyes
Massachusetts230932471not foundnot stated

CBP 2023 establishments and mid-March paid employees, NAICS 624410.

Source: [1][7][46][12][41][16] U.S. Census Bureau; California Department of Social Services, Community Care Licensing Division; Texas Health and Human Services Commission, Child Care Regulation; Florida Department of Children and Families; Pennsylvania Department of Human Services, Office of Child Development and Early Learning; Illinois Department of Children and Family Services (day care licensing)

The largest daycare states and whether the license transfers

Child day care establishments, CBP 2023; label shows the coded transfer rule

The largest daycare states and whether the license transfersHorizontal bar chart of the 12 jurisdictions with the most child day care establishments, led by California with 9,670 (license does not transfer) and Texas with 6,242 (license does not transfer).establishmentsCalifornia (no)9,670New York (not found)6,702Texas (no)6,242Florida (no)4,651Pennsylvania (no)3,823Illinois (no)3,138Ohio (no)2,813North Carolina (no)2,612New Jersey (no)2,466Georgia (no)2,449Washington (yes with approval)2,386Massachusetts (not found)2,309

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns 2023; SMBB registry.

California (9,670 establishments), Texas (6,242), Florida, Pennsylvania and Illinois all fall in the no-transfer group. New York (6,702 establishments) and Massachusetts are the largest jurisdictions without a coded answer; Massachusetts requires 30 days' notice of a change in ownership under 606 CMR 7.04 but does not say whether the license survives it.

The average child day care establishment had 12.7 paid employees in March 2023 (CBP 2023), which is the scale of business most of these rules govern. CBP counts employer establishments under NAICS 624410, which includes some employer-run home programs as well as centers, so the counts describe the industry rather than licensed centers alone.

Seven jurisdictions where the text ran out

7 jurisdictions have no coded transferability answer: 5 where the text could not be retrieved or was silent, plus Maine and Massachusetts, whose rules set notice duties without saying whether the license survives.

How confident the coding is Download CSV
ConfidenceJurisdictionsChild day care establishments (CBP 2023)
clear text3660464
interpretation needed1013216
not found58482

Clear text: the rule or statute answers the question directly. Interpretation needed: an agency form or guide, or wording that implies the answer. Not found: text not retrieved or silent.

Source: [1] U.S. Census Bureau

How firm each answer is

Jurisdictions by coding confidence

How firm each answer isBar chart: 36 jurisdictions coded from clear text, 10 needing interpretation and 5 not found.010.020.030.040.0jurisdictions36.0Clear text10.0Interpretation needed5Not found

Source: SMBB registry, checked 2026-11-02.

The not-found group is Hawaii, Maine, Massachusetts, Montana, New York, South Dakota and Utah. The Hawaii, Montana and South Dakota texts that were opened are silent on a sale; New York's and Utah's rule sites block scripted access or render only with scripts, and this report does not use proxy readers or bypass bot checks. Each gap and what was tried is listed in excluded.md. A 'not found' row is not evidence that the license transfers.

State-by-state registry of child care center license rules on a sale

One row per jurisdiction for the child care center license (family child care homes are excluded). Checked 2026-11-02.

Child care center license transfer registry: 50 states and DC Download CSV
Show all 51 rows
JurisdictionTransferable on saleBuyer must apply or be licensed firstNotice (days)Stock or entity saleCitationConfidence
Alabamanoyesnot statedreport onlyAla. Admin. Code r. 660-5-26-.02(1)(d), (5)(d); r. 660-5-26-.08(2)(a)1clear text
Alaskayes with approvalnot stated30not statedAS 47.32.080(b); 7 AAC 57.240(a)(2)(A)interpretation needed
Arizonanonot statednot statednot statedA.R.S. 36-882(N), (M); 36-893(C)clear text
Arkansasnoyesnot statednot statedArk. DHS Minimum Licensing Requirements for Child Care Centers (PUB-002, rev. 12/01/2020), 103.5, 103.11clear text
Californianoyes30yesCal. Code Regs. tit. 22, 101167; Health and Safety Code 1597.14, 1596.858 (as reproduced in the CDSS manual)clear text
Coloradonoyesnot statednot stated8 CCR 1402-1, 2.106(A)(1); 2.105(A)clear text
Connecticutnonot statednot statednot statedConn. Gen. Stat. 19a-80(b)(1)clear text
Delawarenoyes90not stated14 DE Admin. Code 933, 6.1, 6.3, 14.1, 14.1.1, 14.1.2clear text
District of Columbianonot statednot statedyesD.C. Code 7-2034(d)clear text
Floridanoyesnot statednot statedFla. Stat. 402.308(2)clear text
Georgianoyesnot statednot statedGa. Comp. R. & Regs. 591-1-1-.16(d), (f), (i)clear text
Hawaiinot foundnot statednot statednot statedHAR 17-892.2 (no transfer or ownership clause found)not found
Idahonoyesnot statednot statedIDAPA 16.06.03.150.03, .04clear text
Illinoisnoyesnot statednot stated89 Ill. Adm. Code 407.50(e)(3); 407.60(b), (h); 407.70(c)clear text
Indiananonot statednot statednot stated470 IAC 3-4.7-3(a); 3-4.7-4(6); 3-4.7-5(b)interpretation needed
Iowanonot statednot statednot statedIowa Admin. Code r. 441-109.2(2)(c)clear text
Kansasnoyesnot statednot statedK.A.R. 28-4-421(b)(1); 28-4-422(a), (h)(3)clear text
Kentuckynoyesnot statednot stated922 KAR 2:090 Section 4(5), (6); Section 13(4)(a)interpretation needed
Louisiananoyesnot statedyesLAC 28:CLXI.903 (Bulletin 137)clear text
Mainenot foundnot statednot statednot stated10-148 C.M.R. ch. 32, Section 2 (licensing) and Section 6(F) (other notifications)interpretation needed
Marylandnoyesnot statednot statedMSDE Office of Child Care, Change of Licensee/Letter Holder of Child Care Centers, Resource Guide 2015interpretation needed
Massachusettsnot foundnot stated30not stated606 CMR 7.04 (Notification of Change of Ownership)interpretation needed
Michigannonot statednot statednot statedMCL 722.118cclear text
Minnesotanoyes90yesMinn. Stat. 142B.11, subds. 1 to 3clear text
Mississippinonot statednot statedyesMiss. Admin. Code 15-11-55, Rule 1.2.8clear text
Missourinoyesnot statednot stated5 CSR 25-500.042(14), (17)(C); RSMo 210.221.2(5)clear text
Montananot foundnot statednot statednot statedMCA 52-2-721, 52-2-722 (no transfer clause); ARM 37.95.108 (no transfer clause)not found
Nebraskanoyesnot statednot statedDHHS instructions, Change of Ownership of an Existing Child Care Program; Neb. Rev. Stat. 71-1911(6)interpretation needed
Nevadanonot statednot statednot statedNAC 432A.210(3); NAC 432A.240(1)clear text
New Hampshirenonot statednot statednot statedRSA 170-E:8, Iclear text
New Jerseynonot statednot statednot statedN.J.A.C. 3A:52-2.3(a)clear text
New Mexiconoyesnot statednot stated8.16.2.11(D), (E) NMACclear text
New Yorknot foundnot statednot statednot statedSocial Services Law 390 (no transfer clause); 18 NYCRR 418-1 not retrievednot found
North Carolinanoyes30not stated10A NCAC 09 .0204(a)clear text
North Dakotanonot statednot statedreport onlyN.D. Admin. Code 75-03-10-07(2), (3); 75-03-10-09(3)clear text
Ohiononot statednot statednot statedOhio Adm. Code 5180:2-12-02(E)(3); 5180:2-12-05(K)(5)interpretation needed
Oklahomanoyes30not statedOKDHS Form 07LC091E, Change of Ownership (rev. 2026-04-01)interpretation needed
Oregonnoyes45not statedOAR 414-305-0130(1)(c), (5)(a); 414-305-0140(5)clear text
Pennsylvanianoyes30no55 Pa. Code 20.57; 20.58(a), (b); 3270.11(a)clear text
Rhode Islandnoyesnot statednot stated218-RICR-70-00-1, 1.7, 1.13(A)(1)(c)clear text
South Carolinanoyesnot statednot statedS.C. Code Regs. 114-502(B)(1), (E)(1)(a)clear text
South Dakotanot foundnot statednot statednot statedS.D. Admin. R. 67:42:17:06; SDCL ch. 26-6 (no transfer provision found)not found
Tennesseenonot statednot statednot statedTenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 1240-04-01-.04(1)(d); 1240-04-01-.03(2)(a)7clear text
Texasnoyesnot statednot statedTex. Hum. Res. Code 42.048(e); 42.051(a)(3)clear text
Utahnot foundnot statednot statednot statednot foundnot found
Vermontnoyesnot statednot statedVt. Licensing Regulations for Center Based Child Care and Preschool Programs 2.3.2.4, 2.3.5.1clear text
Virginianonot statednot statedreport only8VAC20-821-30(A); 8VAC20-821-250(B)clear text
Washingtonyes with approvalyesnot statedreport onlyRCW 43.216.305(1); WAC 110-300-0011; WAC 110-300-0400(1)clear text
West Virginianoyesnot statednot statedW. Va. Code R. 78-1-4.1.c, 4.1.e (as reproduced in the agency's 78CSR1 compliance checklist, 2023 to 2028)clear text
Wisconsinnonot statednot statedreport onlyDCF guide, Buying or Selling a Regulated Child Care Facility (updated July 2024); Wis. Admin. Code DCF 251.04, 251.11 (no transfer clause found)interpretation needed
Wyomingnoyesnot statednot statedWyo. DFS Child Care Licensing Rules ch. 2, secs. 2(b), 6(c), 6(f)clear text

Coded from the official text saved in raw/; checked 2026-11-02. Full columns, URLs, revision dates and notes in registry.csv.

Source: [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Alabama Department of Human Resources; Alaska Department of Health, Child Care Program Office; Arizona Department of Health Services, Bureau of Child Care Licensing; Arkansas Department of Human Services, Division of Child Care and Early Childhood Education; California Department of Social Services, Community Care Licensing Division; Colorado Department of Early Childhood, Division of Early Learning, Licensing, and Administration; Connecticut Office of Early Childhood; Delaware Department of Education, Office of Child Care Licensing; Office of the State Superintendent of Education, Division of Early Learning; Florida Department of Children and Families

Counts and distributions

Jurisdictions where the license does not transfer

Formulacount(transferable == 'no')

Inputs: registry rows (tables/registry.csv) (fact sheet rows)

Result: 42 of 51

The non-transfer rule is the norm wherever text was found.

Limitations: Four rows rest on agency forms or guides (OK, MD, NE, WI).

Share of answered jurisdictions with no transfer

Formulad1 / (d1 + d2) * 100

Inputs: d1, d2 (fact sheet rows)

Result: 95.5 percent

Only Washington and Alaska allow a transfer, both with approval.

Limitations: Excludes the 7 not-found jurisdictions.

Median and range of advance-notice periods

Formulamedian, min and max of notice_days

Inputs: d5 rows (t3) (fact sheet rows)

Result: median 30 days; range 30 to 90 days; n = 9

Thirty days is the common floor; Delaware and Minnesota triple it.

Limitations: Small sample; notice without a day count is not included.

Share of child day care establishments in no-transfer jurisdictions (signature figure)

Formulasum(CBP est where transferable == 'no') / sum(CBP est, 51 jurisdictions) * 100

Inputs: d12, d13; CBP 2023 rows (fact sheet rows)

Result: 68,138 / 82,162 = 82.9 percent

Roughly eight in ten daycare employers would face a new license application on a sale.

Limitations: CBP counts employer establishments in NAICS 624410, not licensed centers; not-found states are left out of the numerator.

Share of establishments where the buyer must hold its own license before operating

Formulad19 / d12 * 100

Inputs: d9, d12, d19 (fact sheet rows)

Result: 51,773 / 82,162 = 63.0 percent

In these places a closing date that runs ahead of the license approval can force a gap in operation.

Limitations: Coded only where the text says so; other states may apply the same practice.

No-transfer share among establishments with a coded answer

Formulad13 / (d13 + d15) * 100

Inputs: d13, d15 (fact sheet rows)

Result: 96.4 percent

Washington's transfer option covers a small slice of the industry.

Limitations: Weights by employer count only.

Download the calculations (CSV)

Key findings

  1. 42 of 51 jurisdictions have text saying a child care center license does not pass to a buyer on a sale (SMBB registry, checked 2026-11-02).[46][26][28][34]
  2. Among the 44 jurisdictions with an answer, 95.5 percent say the license does not transfer.[46][49][4]
  3. Washington (RCW 43.216.305; WAC 110-300-0011) allows a full license to transfer to a new licensee if the department finds the new operation substantially similar or improved.[49]
  4. Alaska's AS 47.32.080(b) bars transfer unless the department authorizes it.[4]
  5. Only 9 jurisdictions state an advance-notice period in days; the median is 30 days and the range 30 to 90 days.[26][7][36][41]
  6. Delaware and Minnesota require 90 days of notice before a change in ownership (14 DE Admin. Code 933; Minn. Stat. 142B.11).[10][26]
  7. California requires 30 days' notice to the department and parents, a buyer application within 5 days of an accepted offer, and a department decision within 60 days of a complete application.[7]
  8. 5 jurisdictions (California, District of Columbia, Louisiana, Minnesota and Mississippi) make a stock or ownership-interest sale of a corporate licensee a relicensing event.[26][7][11]
  9. Pennsylvania says a transfer of corporate stock is not a change of ownership of the legal entity (55 Pa. Code 20.57(b)(1)).[41]
  10. In 28 jurisdictions the buyer must apply or be licensed before taking over, or the seller's license ends on the sale.[13][15][12][50]
  11. 68,138 of 82,162 U.S. child day care establishments (82.9 percent) are in no-transfer jurisdictions (CBP 2023).[1]
  12. Child day care services had 1,045,052 paid employees across 82,162 establishments in March 2023 (CBP 2023, released 2025-06-26).[1][2]
  13. Florida must grant or deny a change-of-ownership reapplication within 45 days (Fla. Stat. 402.308(2)).[12]
  14. Georgia may issue a permit valid for 21 calendar days on a change of ownership; a new owner may not operate without a new license or permit.[13]

Executive summary

  • 42 of 51 jurisdictions have text saying a child care center license does not transfer to a buyer; 2 allow a transfer with approval; 7 were not found.
  • 68,138 child day care establishments, 82.9 percent of the U.S. total in CBP 2023, operate in the no-transfer jurisdictions.
  • In 28 jurisdictions the buyer must apply or be licensed before taking over, or the seller's license ends at the sale.
  • Only 9 jurisdictions give a notice period in days: 30 days in six, 45 in Oregon, 90 in Delaware and Minnesota.
  • A stock sale triggers relicensing in California, District of Columbia, Louisiana, Minnesota and Mississippi; Pennsylvania says a stock transfer is not a change of ownership.
  • Washington is the only state with a rule-based transfer test: the new operation must be substantially similar or better.
  • Not legal advice: confirm the process with the licensing agency or an attorney before signing.

Questions people ask

Can I transfer my daycare license to a new owner?

In most states, no. 42 of 51 jurisdictions have text saying a center license does not transfer; Washington allows a transfer if the department approves it, and Alaska allows one only if the department authorizes it. The buyer usually files its own application, with background checks and often an inspection.

How do I sell my daycare business?

Tell the licensing agency early, check whether your state requires a set notice period (30 days in six jurisdictions, 45 in Oregon, 90 in Delaware and Minnesota), and time the closing to the buyer's license approval, because in many states the seller's license ends on the sale. A purchase agreement can make the buyer's license approval a condition of closing. This is general information, not legal advice.

Does a child care center need a new license after a change of ownership?

Yes in nearly every state with text on point. In 28 jurisdictions the buyer must apply or be licensed before taking over, or the seller's license ends at the sale; examples are Georgia 591-1-1-.16, Idaho 16.06.03.150 and West Virginia 78-1-4.1.e.

How long does a daycare license take?

The text sets a few decision clocks: Florida must decide a change-of-ownership reapplication within 45 days, California within 60 days of a complete application, Washington within 90 days, and Iowa notifies initial applicants within 120 days. Inspections, background checks and local fire approvals can add time.

Frequently asked questions

Is a daycare license an asset I can sell?

Generally not. In 42 jurisdictions the center license is personal to the licensee and location, so the buyer pays for the business and applies for its own license.

Which states let a child care license transfer?

Washington, under RCW 43.216.305 and WAC 110-300-0011, and Alaska, where AS 47.32.080(b) allows a transfer only if the department authorizes it.

How much notice do I give the state before selling a daycare?

Where a number is stated it is 30 days in Alaska, California, Massachusetts, North Carolina, Oklahoma and Pennsylvania, 45 days in Oregon, and 90 days in Delaware and Minnesota. Many other states require notice before the sale without a day count.

Does selling the shares of my daycare company avoid a new license?

Not always. Minnesota (sale of 100 percent of the stock), California (majority stock change), Mississippi (majority interest), Louisiana (partial or full ownership transfer) and DC (a stock percentage set by rule) treat it as a change of ownership; Pennsylvania says a stock transfer is not one.

Can the buyer run the center while the new license is pending?

It depends on the state. Georgia, Idaho and West Virginia bar operation until the new license or permit issues; California treats a buyer who followed the notice steps as licensed while the department decides; Maryland lets the seller keep operating until the buyer is ready.

How many child day care businesses are there in the U.S.?

County Business Patterns counted 82,162 employer establishments in NAICS 624410 across the 50 states and DC in 2023, with 1,045,052 paid employees.

Which state has the most child day care establishments?

California, with 9,670 establishments in CBP 2023, followed by New York and Texas (6,242).

Do family child care homes follow the same rules?

Not necessarily. This registry codes center licenses only. Minnesota, for example, exempts programs in the license holder's own home from its change-of-ownership application rule.

What happens to the seller's license after closing?

In many states it ends: Texas revokes it automatically on a change in ownership, Missouri makes it null and void, New Mexico has it expire on the day of the sale, and New Hampshire requires it to be surrendered.

Where can I check my state's current rule?

Each registry row links the official statute, rule or agency document that was read, with the date checked. Confirm the current process with the licensing agency or an attorney, since rules are amended often.

Download the data

Every table in this report is available as a CSV under CC BY 4.0. The fact sheet lists each value with its source URL and access date.

For journalists and researchers

If you cite only a few, cite these

  1. 42 of 51 jurisdictions: center license does not transfer on a sale.[46][26]
  2. 82.9 percent of U.S. child day care establishments are in those jurisdictions (CBP 2023).[1]
  3. Median stated notice: 30 days (range 30 to 90).[26][7]

Most quotable statistics

  • 42 of 51 U.S. jurisdictions have text saying a child care center license does not transfer to a buyer (SMBB registry, 2026-11-02).[46][26]
  • 82.9 percent of U.S. child day care establishments operate where the license stays with the seller (CBP 2023).[1]
  • Only 9 jurisdictions put a day count on advance notice of a daycare sale; the median is 30 days.[26][7]
  • Delaware and Minnesota require 90 days' notice before a child care change of ownership, the longest stated period.[10][26]
  • Washington is the only state with a rule-based test for transferring a child care license to a buyer.[49]
  • Pennsylvania says a stock transfer is not a change of ownership for a child care certificate of compliance.[41]

Press summary

A new registry from Sell My Business Broker finds that a child care center license almost never passes to a buyer. Coding statutes, rules and agency forms for the 50 states and DC as of 2026-11-02, the registry finds 42 jurisdictions where the license does not transfer, 2 (Washington and Alaska) where it can transfer with agency approval, and 7 where no answer was found. Joined to Census County Business Patterns, the no-transfer jurisdictions hold 68,138 of 82,162 child day care establishments, or 82.9 percent. Only 9 jurisdictions state a notice period in days, with a median of 30 days and Delaware and Minnesota the longest at 90. Share sales are treated differently: California, DC, Louisiana, Minnesota and Mississippi can require relicensing, while Pennsylvania says a stock transfer is not a change of ownership. Every row links the official text and a date checked. The report is not legal advice.

Suggested headlines

  • 42 jurisdictions rule out child care license transfers on a sale
  • Eight in ten daycare employers operate where the license stays with the seller
  • Washington is the only state with a test for passing a daycare license to a buyer
  • Delaware and Minnesota ask for 90 days' notice before a child care center changes hands
  • Selling the shares does not dodge a new daycare license in five jurisdictions

How to cite this report

Sell My Business Broker. (2026). Can a Child Care License Transfer to a New Owner? State-by-State Rules for Selling a Daycare (2026). Retrieved from https://sellmybusinessbroker.com/research/child-care-license-transfer-by-state/

Reuse license

Data and tables are licensed CC BY 4.0. Attribution: “Source: Sell My Business Broker, Can a Child Care License Transfer to a New Owner? State-by-State Rules for Selling a Daycare (2026)” with a link to this page.

Reproduce this analysis

Every figure comes from the files below. The scripts that pulled and computed them are kept with the report and can be re-run.

DatasetPublisherSourceQuery or filterRows usedRetrieved
County Business Patterns 2023, state fileU.S. Census BureauFile or endpointnaics == '624410' and lfo == '-' ; fipstate in 50 states + DC (scripts/cbp_624410.py)51 state rows; 82,162 establishments; 1,045,052 employees2026-11-02
State child care center licensing texts (statutes, rules, agency forms)State legislatures and licensing agencies (see sources)File or endpointOne or more official texts per jurisdiction on license transfer and change of ownership; coded in scripts/registry_rows.py; saved under raw/51 jurisdictions; 44 with a transferability answer; 7 not found2026-11-02

Data quality and exclusions

  • CBP rows filtered to NAICS 624410 and lfo '-' (all legal forms) to avoid double counting the legal-form breakdown rows; 51 state rows kept.
  • CBP employment is noise-infused (flags G and H); no cells were suppressed for NAICS 624410 at the state level.
  • Four jurisdictions (Hawaii, Montana, New York, Utah) stay 'not found': their opened texts are silent or the rule text could not be retrieved without bypassing bot protection or a script-only page; South Dakota is silent; see excluded.md.
  • A second retrieval pass on 2026-11-02 coded 13 jurisdictions that the first pass left as not found (AR, CO, DE, IN, KS, LA, MI, MS, OR, RI, TN, VT, WY).
  • Hawaii's center rule is a scanned PDF; pages 1 to 32 were read by OCR (tesseract) and searched for transfer and ownership wording.
  • Four registry rows (OK, MD, NE, WI) rest on agency forms or guides rather than rule text and are marked interpretation needed.
  • Two search hits were discarded as the wrong license type: a Kansas rule for a different facility type and a Rhode Island statute for child placing agencies.
  • An Idaho rule chapter for a different program (IDAPA 16.06.02) was fetched by mistake and replaced with the daycare rule IDAPA 16.06.03.

Methodology

Scope. One row per state plus DC for the child care center license. Family child care homes, school-age-only programs and subsidy contracts are excluded. Where the center rule was silent we read the licensing statute, and where neither was available we used an official agency form or guide and marked the row interpretation needed.

Sources. Every row rests on official text saved in raw/: state legislature or administrative code sites, agency rule manuals and agency forms. Where an official site blocked automated access or timed out, we used an Internet Archive copy of the same official page and labelled it (file names start with ARCHIVE_). No law-firm or broker summaries were used as evidence. All text was read on 2026-11-02.

Coding. transferable = no when the text says the license is not transferable, ends, is void or revoked on a change of ownership, or must be replaced by a new license; yes with approval when the text allows a transfer subject to agency approval; not found otherwise. Buyer must apply or be licensed before operating = yes where the text requires the buyer to apply or be approved before taking over, bars operation before the new license, or ends the seller's license on the sale. Notice days counts only advance notice with a stated number. Stock or entity sale = yes when a share or ownership-interest sale is a change of ownership; no when the text says it is not; report only when an entity or governance change carries a notice duty but no relicensing.

Conflicts. Nebraska's agency instructions say a change of ownership terminates the license, while Neb. Rev. Stat. 71-1911(6) says the department may amend a license on a change of ownership; we coded the agency's current practice and marked the row interpretation needed. Ohio's rule ends continuous licensure when the owner changes without stating the buyer's timing; coded no, interpretation needed.

Derived metrics. Counts and shares come from scripts/build_data.py using tables/registry.csv and the Census County Business Patterns 2023 state file (NAICS 624410, all legal forms of organization). Establishment shares divide summed state establishments by the 51-jurisdiction total of 82,162.

Limitations. CBP covers employer establishments only and includes some employer-run home programs; licensed-center counts by state are not published in one consistent federal file. Seven jurisdictions have no coded answer. Rules change often; recheck before relying on any row.

Update schedule. The registry is rechecked every six months and after each state rulemaking round; last checked 2026-11-02. Owners comparing brokers can use the broker match form.

This report presents published data with its limitations. It is not legal, financial or investment advice.

Sources, ranked by quality

Tier 1: primary and official sources (56)